for example, I have a few articles posted on the internet which point to site X. However I am now moving the whole operation to site Y, so is it okay for the articles to then point to site Y, or may I get a penalty in the search engines for this? Any advice? Thank you!
It is fine that you are redirecting traffic to your new site for whatever purpose. Google won’t penalize you unless you have two copies of the article on the internet.

It is fine that you are redirecting traffic to your new site for whatever purpose. Google won’t penalize you unless you have two copies of the article on the internet.
References :
Experience
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